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May 21, 2023

Pump Intake Design ANSI HI 9.8: 1998.pdf

Pump Intake Design ANSI HI 9.8: 1998 - A Comprehensive Guide

Pump intake design is a crucial aspect of any pumping system. It affects the performance, efficiency, reliability, and safety of the pump and the entire system. Poor pump intake design can lead to problems such as cavitation, vibration, noise, erosion, corrosion, and premature failure.

Pump Intake Design ANSI HI 9.8: 1998.pdf

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Therefore, it is important to follow the best practices and standards for pump intake design. One of the most widely recognized and accepted standards is ANSI HI 9.8: 1998, which was developed by the Hydraulic Institute in collaboration with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

This article will provide a comprehensive guide to pump intake design according to ANSI HI 9.8: 1998. It will cover the following topics:

What is ANSI HI 9.8: 1998 and why is it important?

What are the main components and parameters of pump intake design?

What are the recommended practices and criteria for pump intake design?

What are some common pitfalls and challenges of pump intake design?

How to evaluate and improve pump intake design?

What is ANSI HI 9.8: 1998 and why is it important?

ANSI HI 9.8: 1998 is a standard that provides guidelines and recommendations for pump intake design. It applies to pumps that handle liquids that are essentially free of solids or entrained gases.

The standard covers various types of pump intakes, such as:

Open sumps

Closed sumps

Wet wells

Tanks

Ponds

Lakes

Rivers

Oceans

The standard also covers various types of pumps, such as:

Centrifugal pumps

Axial flow pumps

Mixed flow pumps

Vertical turbine pumps

Submersible pumps

Propeller pumps

What are the main components and parameters of pump intake design?

Pump intake design involves several components and parameters that need to be considered and optimized. Some of the main components are:

Pump intake structure: The part of the system that connects the pump to the source of liquid. It can be a pipe, a channel, a sump, or a well.

Pump intake geometry: The shape and size of the pump intake structure. It can be circular, rectangular, square, or irregular.

Pump intake location: The position and orientation of the pump intake structure relative to the source of liquid. It can be submerged, partially submerged, or above the liquid level.

Pump intake flow conditions: The characteristics and behavior of the liquid flow at the pump intake. It can be uniform, non-uniform, steady, unsteady, laminar, turbulent, or rotational.

Some of the main parameters are:

Pump intake velocity: The speed of the liquid flow at the pump intake. It affects the pressure and energy of the flow.

Pump intake submergence: The depth of the pump intake below the liquid level. It affects the pressure and energy of the flow.

Pump intake angle: The angle between the pump intake axis and the direction of the liquid flow. It affects the pressure and energy of the flow.

Pump intake clearance: The distance between the pump intake and the bottom or side walls of the pump intake structure. It affects the pressure and energy of the flow.

What are the recommended practices and criteria for pump intake design?

The main objective of pump intake design is to ensure that the liquid flow at the pump inlet is as smooth, uniform, and free of disturbances as possible. This will minimize the risk of cavitation, vibration, noise, erosion, corrosion, and premature failure.

To achieve this objective, ANSI HI 9.8: 1998 provides several recommended practices and criteria for pump intake design. Some of them are:

Use a straight approach pipe or channel with a length of at least 5 to 10 times the diameter or width of the pump intake.

Avoid sharp bends, elbows, tees, valves, reducers, or other fittings that can cause flow separation, turbulence, or swirl.

Provide adequate submergence to prevent air entrainment or vortex formation.

Align the pump intake axis with the direction of the liquid flow or use a guide vane to redirect the flow.

Maintain sufficient clearance between the pump intake and the bottom or side walls of the pump intake structure to prevent flow interference or blockage.

What are some common pitfalls and challenges of pump intake design?

Pump intake design is not a simple or straightforward task. It involves many factors and variables that can affect the quality and performance of the pump and the system. Some of the common pitfalls and challenges of pump intake design are:

Inadequate or inaccurate data: The lack of sufficient or reliable data on the source of liquid, the pump characteristics, the system requirements, or the environmental conditions can lead to poor or erroneous pump intake design.

Complex or variable flow conditions: The presence of multiple pumps, variable flow rates, fluctuating liquid levels, or changing weather conditions can create complex or variable flow conditions that can affect the pump intake design.

Interference or interaction: The proximity or influence of other structures, equipment, or components can cause interference or interaction that can affect the pump intake design. For example, the presence of a nearby weir, dam, bridge, or intake can alter the flow patterns or create hydraulic phenomena that can affect the pump intake.

Constraints or limitations: The availability or feasibility of space, materials, resources, budget, time, or regulations can impose constraints or limitations that can affect the pump intake design. For example, the site conditions, the environmental impact, the safety standards, or the cost-effectiveness can limit the options or choices for pump intake design.

How to evaluate and improve pump intake design?

To ensure that the pump intake design meets the desired objectives and criteria, it is important to evaluate and improve it. This can be done by using various methods and tools, such as:

Analysis and calculation: The use of mathematical formulas, equations, charts, tables, or software to analyze and calculate the various components and parameters of pump intake design. This can help to verify and validate the pump intake design.

Simulation and modeling: The use of physical models, computer models, numerical models, or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate and model the liquid flow at the pump intake. This can help to visualize and understand the pump intake design.

Testing and measurement: The use of instruments, devices, sensors, or meters to test and measure the actual performance and behavior of the pump and the system. This can help to monitor and optimize the pump intake design.

Inspection and maintenance: The use of regular checks, audits, repairs, or replacements to inspect and maintain the condition and quality of the pump and the system. This can help to prevent and solve any problems or issues that may arise from the pump intake design.

Conclusion

Pump intake design is a vital and complex aspect of any pumping system. It can have a significant impact on the performance, efficiency, reliability, and safety of the pump and the entire system. Therefore, it is essential to follow the best practices and standards for pump intake design, such as ANSI HI 9.8: 1998.

This article has provided a comprehensive guide to pump intake design according to ANSI HI 9.8: 1998. It has covered the following topics: